Acoustic analysis of fundamental frequencies of voices of children with and without vocal nodules.

Fundamental frequency measurements were made for 26 male children, 13 with vocal nodules and 13 without vocal nodules. The two groups were matched for age and size. Fundamental frequencies were obtained from narrow-band sonograms that were magnified to expand the spectrum from 0 to 1300 Hz. The group with vocal nodules had significantly higher fundamental frequencies than the normal group. The results are discussed in relation to prior findings.