The biopsychosocial model for brief inpatient treatment of the schizophrenic syndrome.

A holistic approach, the biopsychosocial model, is the most rational and effective way for both understanding the causation and the treatment of an illness. This should be the model for the brief inpatient treatment of the schizophrenic syndrome. In establishing a focus of treatment, particularly in brief inpatient treatment, it is necessary to determine the role and magnitude of each of the three, the biological, the psychological and social, factors in precipitating a dysequilibrium or breakdown. Only through careful history taking can one ascertain the degree of significance of the three factors, to make a prognosis as to recovery, and to establish a realistic therapeutic plan. Discharge planning must begin almost the very same day the patient enters the unit. Observation of the patient on the unit to structure, to other patients and staff, and reactions of staff to the patient usually mirrors the adaptation in the outer world, and is thus a valuable guide to treatment approach. The team leader, the psychiatrist, whose understanding of the biological, genetic and constitutional element, should formulate the treatment plan in conjunction with the input and assessments offered by members of other disciplines.