Prospective study of injuries in United States Ski Association freestyle skiing--1976-77 to 1979-80.

This report documents a prospective study of injuries in USSA (United States Ski Association) Freestyle competition undertaken during the four seasons from 1976-77 through 1979-80. In order to ensure adequate reporting and documentation, the study was confined to actual observed competition days. Competition and accident reports were prepared by a representative of the USSA-sanctioned organization conducting each of the competitions studied. Report forms were designed with reference to prior ski accident studies and included demographic information in addition to specific information related to the nature of freestyle ski competition. History and background relative to the disciplines of freestyle skiing is given, including the three disciplines of ballet, aerials, and moguls. Data on 10,118 skier-days revealed incidence of injury to be 2.8 per 1,000 skier-days. The distribution of injury to location and type was not similar to that encountered in recreational skiers, and a relatively higher incidence of spine, head, and upper extremity injuries was noted. No incidence of cervical spine injury was encountered. All injured competitors were able to return to competition following recovery from their injuries. This study directs attention to specific aspects of freestyle competition which will require changes in order to further reduce the incidence of injury.