Drug therapy in children.

Foolproof guidelines and rules for the administration of drug therapy to children are not available. In particular, the use of weight, height, and age as the basis for drug dose calculations can lead to serious errors in dosage. Extreme care must be used in the treatment of pregnant women as most drugs cross the placenta. The potential effects of a drug on the fetus must be weighed against the need for the drug in the mother.Special attention must be given to the lactating or breast-feeding mother since most drugs are excreted in breast milk and potentially can adversely affect the nursing infant. Where possible, drug therapy in children should be avoided. If drugs are specifically indicated, the dosage should be calculated after considerable scrutiny of the total management and the goals of the management regimen. Careful followup of every child on even the simplest drug is mandatory.