Elimination of pindolol in liver disease.

The elimination of pindolol was studied in 32 patients suffering from various liver diseases, mainly acute hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis. The total body clearance of antipyrine was measured simultaneously as a parameter of liver microsomal enzyme activity. The doses given were antipyrine 1000 mg orally and pindolol 3 mg i.v. Plasma samples were taken and urine was collected for up to 72 h for the measurement of drug concentrations. In addition, conventional biochemical laboratory tests were done. The total body clearance of antipyrine was compared with the pharmacokinetic parameters calculated for pindolol, and the results of the biochemical tests. No correlation was found between antipyrine clearance and the routine biochemical parameters in liver disease or with the total body clearance of pindolol. A significant correlation was seen with the nonrenal clearance of pindolol taken as representing its major metabolic degradation. Higher correlation coefficients were observed when two subgroups of patients with acute hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis were separated. In some patients suffering from hepatic cirrhosis a higher urinary excretion of unchanged pindolol was observed as liver function become decompensated, a finding due to an unknown mechanism but based on intact renal function. In patients with acute hepatitis a much higher nonrenal clearance was found than in many other patients, which might be based on increased liver blood flow.