Pediatric aspects of essential hypertension.

Severe hypertension is rarely seen in children, but there is increasing evidence that childhood may be an appropriate time to consider measures for the prevention of hypertension later in life. The normal range for blood pressure in children and the significance of an "elevated" blood pressure are discussed. Evidence is reviewed which indicates that heredity obesity, and sodium intake are important determinants of blood pressure. There is a role for the nutritionist in the management and the possible prevention of essential hypertension.