Localization of renin in trophoblasts in human chorion laeve at term pregnancy.

It is known that renin is present in fetal membranes, with the highest concentration in the chorion laeve (reflected chorion). The purpose of this study was to identify and localize renin in human chorion laeve. Indirect immunofluorescent analysis, using antiserum against pure human kidney renin, revealed a single layer of cells in the chorion with strongly positive fluorescence. The presence of atrophic villi in this layer together with other morphological evidence indicate that the cells which are positive for renin are cytotrophoblasts. Isolated cells were prepared from the chorion by collagenase digestion, followed by filtration and density gradient centrifugation on Percoll. The isolated cells also showed a positive reaction with the immunofluorescent technique. Control experiments with nonimmune serum did not show fluorescent cells. Biochemical analysis using RIA of angiotensin I generated from sheep substrate indicated that most of the renin activity in the isolated cells was present as inactive renin (activated by trypsin). The presence of renin in trophoblastic cells may be of significance in local cardiovascular regulation, events associated with parturition, or pathophysiological manifestations of trophoblastic disease.