Lorcainide (R 15 889), a first review.

This is a first review of lorcainide hydrochloride, a new antiarrhythmic agent with local anaesthetic activity. The antiarrhythmic actions of lorcainide are mediated by an impairment of fast sodium conductance. Pharmacologically, this drug appears effective in suppressing reentry phenomena and ectopic pacemaker activity, especially in the ventricles. Lorcainide has only negligible depressant effects on important haemodynamic parameters and its toxicity is minimal. The drug is well absorbed by the oral route and its elimination half-life is long when compared with other substances. Lorcainide-induced QRS widening is directly correlated with the plasma levels of the drug. Preliminary experience in supraventricular arrhythmias is promising but pre-excitation syndromes and the ventricular arrhythmias are the main indications for this drug since a very high response rate has been observed in these conditions. Side effects are harmless and dose-dependent, but may be clinically troublesome.