Absence of increase of histidine decarboxylase activity in mast cell-deficient W/W mouse embryos before parturition.

The histidine decarboxylase (L-histidine carboxylase, EC 4.1.1.22) activity of whole W/W mouse embryos, which are devoid of mast cells, remained very low and did not show the rapid increase before birth (17-20 days of gestation) seen in wild-type +/+ embryos. During the same period, the histamine content also remained very low and no mast cells were detected in the W/W embryos, in the contrast to the large increase in both histamine content and number of mast cells in wild-type embryos. These findings imply that the histamine in embryos is largely derived from mast cells. In +/+ mice, histidine decarboxylase activity decreased rapidly soon after birth without concomitant decrease in histamine content or number of mast cells, suggesting that the enzyme activity in mast cells is regulated by some unknown mechanism.