Nosocomial infection control problems in neonates and infants.

Nosocomial infection rates of 4-6% are standard in most general hospitals. Wound and urinary tract infections are most common on the Surgical Services. Respiratory tract infections cluster on the Medical Service. Programs of infection control should be Service-directed. Among pediatric patients, particular emphasis should be placed on monitoring colonization by S. aureus and antibiotic-resistant gram-negative rods. Control measures include maintenance of low colonization rates, development of an infection control team, and institution of restrictive practices when an outbreak occurs.