Spontaneous, in vitro, malignant transformation of a basophil/mast cell line.

It has recently become possible to grow basophil/mast cells in vitro for extended periods of time. Normally, these cultures remain fully dependent upon the presence of an adequate supply of growth factor(s) and the cells express several basophil/mast cell differentiated traits. We report here a case of spontaneous, in vitro, malignant transformation of such a basophil/mast cell line. The transformed cells no longer require the addition of growth factor(s) for continuous proliferation in vitro, and they have become highly tumorigenic in vivo. In contrast, when compared to their untransformed counterparts, they display the same set of differentiated traits, characteristic of immature basophil/mast cells. Thus, the data support the hypothesis that cell transformation results from a decreased sensitivity of precursor cells toward normal growth regulators but does not affect significantly the expression of differentiated functions.