Effects of dopamine on renal functions in premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.

The renal effects of dopamine have been studied in preterm infants with RDS. Dopamine has been given in doses of 0.5-2.0 microgram/kg/min as a continuous intravenous infusion in cases of peripheral circulatory disturbances. As a result, the circulation became stable and some renal parameters improved. There was a + 106% increase of urine output as well as a + 73%, + 140%, + 21% increase in Na-excretion, FeNa, creatinine clearance respectively. In accordance with the marked increase in phosphorus excretion the titratable acidity was also increased. There was a significant decrease in the renal urea excretion and free water clearance. These alterations were probably caused by an intrarenal hemodynamic redistribution. The possible mechanism of the renal changes are also discussed. The observations demonstrate the functional maturity of renal dopaminergic receptors in the preterm infants.