GABAergic neurons in dissociated cultures of rat hypothalamus, septum, and midbrain.

Cultures of dissociated tissue blocks from 18 day-old rat embryos containing either septum plus anterior hypothalamus, retrochiasmatic hypothalamus, or midbrain, were maintained for 8-29 days in vitro. GABAergic neurons were visualized by incubation with (3H) gamma-aminobutyric acid followed by autoradiography and by immunocytochemistry using an antiserum against glutamic acid decarboxylase. Positive neurons were of variable shapes and sizes. Labeled neurons in the three cultured regions represented 3.4, 1.1 and 1.7%, respectively, of all neurons. Apart from a few exceptions, autoradiographic labeling and immunocytochemical staining coincided. Glial cells did not stain and showed very low grain densities. Radioactivity could be released from preloaded cultures upon depolarization by 50 mM potassium and 100 microM Veratridine. The demonstration of GABAergic neurons in cultures that are known to contain a variety of peptidergic neurons opens up the possibility of studying the interaction between the two classes of neurons in vitro.