Complement activation by plasma separator membranes.

Because of their structural similarity to dialysis membranes, six plasma separator membranes were evaluated for the ability to activate complement, as judged by immunoconversion of the third component of complement in crossed immunoelectrophoresis. A polysulfone and two cellulose acetate membranes were relatively strong alternative pathway activators. Polypropylene, poly[vinylidine fluoride] and polyvinyl-chloride derivative membranes were weak activators in some sera. Membrane activation was inhibited in citrate-anticoagulated but not in heparin-anticoagulated plasma. The results of such in vitro screening should be of value in selecting materials and anticoagulation regimens for membrane plasma separators.