Tobacco as a risk factor in bladder cancer.

A case-control study concerning smoking habits has been performed to determine risk factors for bladder cancer. The population attributable risk (AP) for cigarettes, cigars/cigarillos, chewing tobacco and pipe yielded a statistical explanation of 33%, 23%, 9% and 17%, respectively. A logistic regression analysis revealed cigarette smoking as the most pronounced determinant with an independent effect beyond the other smoking variables corresponding to a relative risk (RR) of 2.15. The life-time consumption of all kinds of tobacco showed a positive dose-response relationship to risk for bladder cancer.