In vivo studies of serum C-reactive protein turnover in rabbits.

We determined the plasma half-life of the acute phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) both in normal rabbits and in rabbits that had received inflammatory stimuli. Rabbit CRP was purified from acute phase serum by Cx-polysaccharide affinity chromatography, radiolabeled, and rendered pyrogen-free. Six unstimulated rabbits were injected intravenously with (125)1-CRP prepared by the lactoperoxidase method and four were injected with CRP labeled by methylation using [(14)C]formaldehyde. Blood samples were obtained at 0.25 h and at intervals thereafter. Plasma half-life of CRP was calculated from the data generated during the first 12 h, by which time an average of 86% of labeled protein had disappeared from the blood stream. The mean half-life for CRP was 4.45+/-0.2 h, with no significant difference (0.40 < P < 0.45) between (125)1- and (14)C-labeled CRP. In six animals stimulated with either endotoxin or turpentine 24 h before injection of labeled CRP, a mean half-life of 5.8+/-0.6 h was found, not significantly different (0.30 < P < 0.35) from unstimulated rabbits. We equated fractional catabolic rate to fractional disappearance rate, since the rate constant for passage of CRP from vascular to extravascular compartment can be assumed to be relatively small compared to the observed fractional disappearance rate. Fractional catabolic rate was independent of serum CRP concentration; average fractional catabolic rate in all 16 animals was 14+/-0.8% h(-1) of the plasma pool. We were able to estimate rate of CRP synthesis, based on steady-state assumptions of pool sizes in those rabbits whose serum CRP levels did not change substantially during the period of study. Values as low as 6.7 mug/kg per h in the unstimulated animals and as high as 560 mug/kg per h in the stimulated animals were found.