Maintenance of lactose secretion during acute insulin deficiency in lactating goats.

Induction of alloxan diabetes in 5 lactating goats resulted in reduced milk yields in 3 of the animals, while the yield was unchanged in two. After treatment of the diabetic goats with insulin for 4--5 days--the last 24 h intravenously--lactose secretion returned to the control values before alloxan administration provided that normoglycemia developed. In 2 experiments infusion of a large dose of insulin caused hypoglycemia and a 20--30 per cent reduction in lactose secretion rates. In the course of 1 h after withdrawal of the insulin infusion, patent signs of insulin deficiency developed as evidenced by steadily increasing plasma glucose concentrations. Nevertheless, lactose secretion continued at the same rate as during insulin infusion for the 4 h studied after discontinuation of the insulin infusion. In the goats where lactose secretion was reduced due to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, lactose secretion returned to control values when following discontinuation of insulin infusion the plasma glucose concentrations increased into normal and diabetic ranges. It is concluded that during insulin deficiency of short term duration, mammary lactose secretion was maintained at a normal rate. Since lactose is the major product of mammary glucose utilization, it is suggested that glucose uptake in the mammary gland was not reduced by short term insulin deficiency.