Molecular size and shape of beta-connectin, an elastic protein of striated muscle.

Connectin is an elastic protein of vertebrate striated muscle, and consists of doublet components, alpha and beta (also called titins 1 and 2). In the present study, beta-connectin isolated in the native state was investigated in order to characterize its molecular size and shape. The molecular weight was approximately 2.1 X 10(6) (SDS gel electrophoresis) or 2.7 X 10(6) (sedimentation equilibrium). The sedimentation coefficient (SO20, w) was 17S in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. The intrinsic viscosity measured in an Ostwald-type viscometer was 1.8 dl/g. However, the viscosity was greatly dependent on the velocity gradient, and at a very low velocity gradient of 0.0007 s-1, a solution of connectin (0.3 mg/ml) showed a viscosity value of 17,000 cp. Flow birefringence measurements suggested a length distribution ranging from 300 to 450 nm. Electron microscopic observations revealed that connectin is a long flexible filament and the peaks of frequency of length distribution were at 150, 300, 450, and 600 nm. It was tentatively assumed that the connectin molecule is 300-400 nm long and 34-38 nm wide. It is likely that beta-connectin is derived from alpha-connectin, which has an apparent molecular weight of 2.8 X 10(6).