Evidence for secretion of human eosinophil granule major basic protein and Charcot-Leyden crystal protein during eosinophil maturation.

Prior electron microscopic studies have suggested that immature eosinophils degranulate during normal maturation in human bone marrow. This hypothesis was tested by measuring levels of eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP) and Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) protein in bone marrow sinusoidal blood. MBP and CLC protein levels were elevated initially in bone marrow sinusoidal blood from normal volunteers when compared with peripheral blood, and levels of both proteins decreased during serial sampling; CLC protein levels remained significantly elevated, while MBP levels declined to equal those of peripheral blood. To investigate whether MBP and CLC protein were secreted during eosinophil maturation, bone marrow cells were cultured in soft agar; MBP and CLC protein levels were measured in culture supernatants by RIA. There was a significant positive correlation between eosinophil colony growth and levels of each protein. Electron micrographs of cells in soft agar colonies provided ultrastructural evidence for secretion of granule products by immature eosinophils. These results support prior observations that eosinophil promyelocytes degranulate during maturation.