A fluorescence polarization study of calcium and phase behaviour in synaptosomal lipids.

Steady-state fluorescence polarization of the fluorescent probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene reported temperature-dependent lipid order in L-alpha-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, egg phosphatidylcholine and synaptosomal membranes. No change in lipid order was detected after depolarization of synaptosomes by veratridine (150 microM) even in the presence of 2 mM CaCl2. However, Ca2+ reduced the mobility of a second probe, dansylated dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine, in dispersions of synaptosomal lipids. This effect, which was seen at a Ca2+/total phospholipid ratio as low as 0.1, may represent an interaction between the cation and negatively-charged phospholipids. It is suggested that Ca2+ promotes a phase separation in synaptosomal lipids which may be relevant to the process of neurotransmitter release.