Esophageal obstruction caused by mediastinal histoplasmosis: beneficial results of operation.

A patient presented with progressive dysphagia and chest pain. Radiologic investigation showed extrinsic compression of the esophagus by enlarged, calcified, mediastinal lymph nodes. Immunologic studies suggested that this was due to previous histoplasmosis, currently inactive. The nodes were excised at thoracotomy, with complete relief of symptoms. Operative management was most appropriate because of the apparent inactivity of the infection, the severity and progressive nature of the symptoms, and the possible prophylaxis of mediastinal fibrosis, a well-documented complication of histoplasmosis.