Child and adolescent perceptions of normal and atypical peers.

Students at 4 grade levels (grades 4, 6, 8, and 10) evaluated hypothetical male age-mates who were portrayed as normal, hyperactive, antisocial, or mildly mentally retarded. The focus was on behavioral characteristics, predicted outcomes, anticipated peer reactions, recommended parental interventions, and diagnostic labels. The results indicated that the students made social inferences that extended far beyond the specific behavioral information provided. The atypical boys were viewed as substantially more deviant than the normal boy within broad-ranging social, affective, and intellectual domains. Future problems were predicted for all 3 atypical boys, and parental interventions were recommended. Within this global negative perspective, clear distinctions were drawn among the 3 types of atypicality. The mildly retarded boy was viewed as most similar to the normal boys, and the antisocial boy was seen as the most dissimilar. Some gender differences and grade trends also emerged, with females and older students generally expressing more benign views of the atypical youths.