Responses of gerbil and guinea pig auditory nerve fibers to low-frequency sinusoids.

The characteristics of time-locked auditory nerve fiber responses to 50 Hz acoustic sinusoids were studied in gerbils and guinea pigs. Whereas the time-locked responses of all guinea pig fibers produced single-peaked period histograms, those of the gerbil produced distorted, multiple-peaked response histograms, especially fibers with characteristic frequencies (CFs) between 2 and 10 kHz. Although the shapes of the period histograms vary with stimulus intensity, the phases of the fundamental components are essentially invariant over the range of stimulus intensities used. In contrast to the phase of the cochlear microphonic produced by the 50 Hz stimulus, which was constant along the length of the cochlea in both species, the phase of the neural responses depends on the fiber CF in each of the two species. In guinea pigs, the phase of the neural responses relative to the acoustic stimulus decreases with the fiber CF from a phase lead of 90 degrees for fibers with CFs below 300 Hz to a phase lag of nearly 60 degrees for fibers with CFs greater than 3 kHz. In gerbils, the response phase also decreases with increasing CF below 2 kHz and above 10 kHz but undergoes an abrupt 160 degrees phase increase between those frequencies.