Quinine disposition kinetics.

Intravenous quinine dihydrochloride (5 mg kg-1 over 5 min) was given to seven healthy male volunteers. There were minor subjective symptoms in all subjects but no significant changes in pulse or blood pressure. There was significant prolongation of the electrocardiographic QRS and rate corrected QT intervals which was greatest between 1 and 4 min after completion of the quinine infusion. Values then returned towards baseline. Plasma concentrations of quinine were measured spectrophotofluorimetrically after benzene extraction. Peak plasma concentrations (mean +/- 1 s.d.) after the infusion were 5.1 +/- 1.3 mg 1(-1). Pharmacokinetic analysis fitted a two compartment open model in each case; distribution half-time (t 1/2, lambda 1) was 1.89 +/- 0.54 min (mean +/- 1 s.d.), elimination half-time (t 1/2, z) 11.1 +/- 2.1 h, apparent volume of the central compartment (V1) 0.57 +/- 0.32 1 kg-1, total apparent volume of distribution 1.80 +/- 0.37 1 kg-1 and total clearance 1.92 +/- 0.45 ml min-1 kg-1.