Morphology and function of the parietal cells after proximal selective vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.

The effects of proximal selective vagotomy (PSV) on parietal cell morphology and the degree of gastric inflammation were investigated and correlated with changes in gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin concentrations in 17 duodenal ulcer patients. Endoscopy, acid secretion tests, and blood sampling were performed preoperatively and 2 months, 1 year, and 3 years postoperatively. The mucosal biopsy specimens obtained at endoscopy were analyzed both light- and electron-microscopically. Five healthy persons also underwent gastroscopy and biopsy for comparison. Preoperatively, the duodenal ulcer patients differed significantly from this control group, 33% of whose parietal cells appeared 'secretory'; the corresponding figure for the duodenal ulcer patients was 47%. Two months after the operation the number of secretory parietal cells had fallen to 30%, after which the percentage increased slightly again to 35% 3 years after PSV. A similar phenomenon was observed in the acid secretion capacities, which were maximally depressed 2 months postoperatively and recovered slightly but significantly during the 3-year follow-up period. There was a significant increase in the degree of gastric inflammation after the operation.