Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities in nephrotic syndrome. Pathogenesis and management.

Generalized edema, a cardinal feature of the nephrotic syndrome, may be associated with a low, normal, or high blood volume. Symptoms can usually be improved by a regimen that includes rest, proper diet, and careful use of diuretic agents. Hypovolemic patients are particularly prone to complications of diuretic therapy, which are the major source of the electrolyte disturbances encountered in patients being treated for nephrotic syndrome.