Demonstration of increased proteoglycan turnover in cartilage explants from dogs with experimental osteoarthritis.

The turnover of proteoglycans (assessed by the release into the medium of newly synthesised [35S]-proteoglycan) in explant cultures of articular cartilage from various anatomical sites of the knee joints (stifle) of mature beagles with experimental osteoarthritis has been studied with the following findings: (a) The proportion of newly synthesised proteoglycans released from cartilage explants maintained in vitro was generally increased for cartilage from operated compared with nonoperated control joints. (b) At 3 weeks after surgery there was a significant increase in the release of [35S]-proteoglycans from explants of the lateral and medial tibial plateaux of operated joints compared with sham-operated joints but not from other sites. On the other hand, when this comparison was made at 3 to 6 months after surgery, significant increases in the release of [35S]-proteoglycans were observed from cartilage of all anatomical areas except the patellar groove. (c) The release of [35S]-proteoglycan from cartilage explant cultures was dependent on live chondrocytes, since freeze-thawing the tissue immediately after labelling markedly reduced the release from both normal and osteoarthritic cartilage.