Clinical correlates of abnormal brain-stem auditory evoked responses in multiple sclerosis.

Brain-stem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were examined in 178 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and compared to the frequency of abnormalities in visually evoked responses (VERs) and in CSF electrophoresis. In clinically definite MS, BAERs were abnormal in 61% and a significant relationship was noted between disability due to MS and the frequency and severity of BAER abnormalities. In suspected MS, BAERs showed evidence of a second lesion in 14% whereas VERs indicated a second lesion in 24%. Abnormal BAERs in patients with suspected MS with brain-stem signs were significantly associated with the presence of truncal and limb ataxia. In progressive possible MS, abnormal BAERs were found in 49% but indicated a second lesion in 35% of patients and were significantly related to the duration of illness. In progressive possible MS, abnormal VERs but not abnormal BAERs, were significantly associated with the presence of CSF oligoclonal IgG banding. Normal BAERs in association with clinical brain-stem abnormalities were found in 24% of patients with clinically definite MS, 50% with suspected MS and 33% with progressive possible MS.