The Medicare Prospective Payment System and the care of the frail elderly.

The development of the Medicare Prospective Payment System based on diagnosis-relating groupings is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on analysis of the provisions that have a potential impact on geriatric medicine and on the care of the frail elderly. The authors conclude that in its present form, the DRG system may systematically undercompensate hospitals for treating the frail elderly and, therefore, result in attempts by some hospitals to reduce or avoid altogether programs in geriatric medicine and admissions of frail elderly persons. These effects, together with federal and state efforts to limit nursing home and home care costs, may result in a major under-provision of care for the frail elderly and exclusion of clinical geriatric medicine from the medical care system.