The effect of X-rays and ultraviolet light on DNA-mediated gene transfer in mammalian cells.

The uptake, expression and genomic integration of exogenous DNA during DNA-mediated gene transfer are poorly understood in mammalian cells. We studied the effects of ionizing radiation and u.v. light treatments on recipient cells during gene transfer experiments. We found that both X-rays and u.v. light stimulate pSV2-gpt DNA transfer into V79 Chinese hamster cells and they are equally effective for an equi-cytotoxic dose. This result was observed with irradiation both before and after the period of DNA precipitate overlay of the recipient cells. The stimulation of DNA transfer was approximately proportional to dose for both types of radiation. The effect was significantly enhanced using chronic, rather than acute, radiation treatments. The optimal expression time to observe stimulation of DNA transfer, however, differs for the two radiation types. A possible model for DNA-mediated gene transfer, incorporating this result, is discussed.