Continuous infusion chemotherapy: a critical review.

With the development of reliable drug pumps and safe long-term venous access catheters, the continuous infusion of chemotherapeutic agents has become clinically feasible. The available studies on infusion therapy with 37 antineoplastic drugs are analyzed. With the majority of agents, infusion studies have either not been performed or the completed studies have failed to demonstrate improved effectiveness over bolus therapy. In some continuous infusion studies, effectiveness has been retained but with no apparent improvement in the therapeutic index. Several other drugs such as bleomycin, cytosine arabinoside, and doxorubicin have apparent improvement in the therapeutic index when given as a continuous infusion. The improved therapeutic index of the fluorinated pyrimidines when given via continuous infusion must be explored in randomized controlled studies using malignancies other than colorectal cancer. The cost effectiveness of such studies must be carefully assessed. Since this method of administration of chemotherapeutic agents offers the potential for less toxicity and retained antineoplastic effect, such investigations are highly desirable for improved patient care.