Nuclear reactor accidents--the use of KI as a blocking agent against radioiodine uptake in the thyroid--a review.

This paper is intended for those people who are responsible for the public health and safety in the event of a nuclear reactor accident. The possibilities and consequences of a radioiodine release are examined briefly. The possible side effects of stable iodine, the prognosis for radiation-induced thyroid disease, and the alternative protective measures are put into perspective and assessed for their individual risks and benefits. It is recommended that all appropriate counter-radiation measures be considered in the case of a reactor accident, and that the harmful side effects of the various actions be weighed carefully. Definitive guidelines as to when the use of KI is justified must be decided upon before implementing mass distribution.