Ontogeny of the basal lamina in the sea urchin embryo.

The patterns of expression for several extracellular matrix components during development of the sea urchin embryo are described. An immunofluorescence assay was employed on paraffin-sectioned material using (i) polyclonal antibodies against known vertebrate extracellular matrix components: laminin, fibronectin, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, collagen types I, III, and IV; and (ii) monoclonal antibodies generated against sea urchin embryonic components. Most extracellular matrix components studied were found localized within the unfertilized egg in granules (0.5-2.0 micron) distinct from the cortical granules. Fertilization initiated trafficking of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components from within the egg granules to the basal lamina of the developing embryo. The various ECM components arrived within the developing basal lamina at different times, and not all components were unique to the basal lamina. Two ECM components were not found within the egg. These molecules appeared de novo at the mesenchyme blastula stage, and remained specific to the mesoderm through development. The reactivity of antibodies to vertebrate ECM antigens with components of the sea urchin embryo suggests the presence of immunologically similar ECM molecules between the phyla.