[Infected scalp hematoma].

In a newborn after delivery by vacuum extraction and after application of a scalp electrode for fetal monitoring a cephalhematoma followed by infection due to E. coli was observed.--It was treated by antibiotics and incision. In a brief review of the literature the problems of the origin, diagnostic, and therapy of infected cephalhematoma are discussed. For the detection of local infection and bacteremia the authors emphasize careful bacteriological examinations (aspirate from hematoma, blood culture) as well as radiographs of the skull. The treatment of infected cephalhematoma must consist of antimicrobial chemotherapy and incision of the local process.