Endophthalmitis after penetrating keratoplasty.

Of 445 eyes (305 of which were aphakic) that underwent penetrating keratoplasty, 11 developed endophthalmitis, three immediately after surgery, two after subsequent secondary surgery, and six after late ulceration of the transplanted cornea. The diagnosis was based clinically on the loss of the red reflex and vitreous opacification, and was confirmed by culture of vitreous aspirate. All patients who developed endophthalmitis were aphakic and had received corticosteroids at the time of infection; most had undergone previous ocular surgery. These patients differed from those previously described with this condition because neither the donor tissue nor the storage medium was the source of infection. Treatment included intracameral, systemic, and topical administration of antibiotics. When the endophthalmitis originated from a corneal ulcer in a graft, the infected tissue was replaced with a new transplant. Despite treatment, the final visual outcomes were not good. One eye had a final visual acuity of 20/200 and one eye had a final visual acuity of 20/400. Three eyes had light perception and six eyes had no light perception. One eye was eventually enucleated.