Antimicrobial agents for the prevention of urinary tract infection in transurethral surgery.

Chemoprophylaxis and disinfection of the operation site for the prevention of bacteriuria after a transurethral operation were assessed in controlled, prospective studies in men with sterile urine preoperatively. The majority of the control patients (65 per cent) suffered postoperative bacteriuria compared to 38.6 per cent after perioperative disinfection with chlorhexidine and 10 per cent or less after each of 2 other regimens (intramuscular cephradine followed by oral nitrofurantoin and chlorhexidine disinfection followed by oral nitrofurantoin). The latter regimen is preferred since it avoids the use of agents with systemic action.