Changes in ionic conductances induced by cAMP in Helix neurons.

Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) was injected by a fast and quantitative pressure injection method into voltage-clamped identified Helix neurons. The intracellular elevation of cAMP caused an inward current which was not accompanied by a significant change in membrane conductance in a negative potential range with little activation of voltage-dependent membrane conductances. Near resting potential Na+ ions were the main carrier of the cAMP-induced inward current as measured with ion-selective microelectrodes. TTX did not affect the Na+ influx. K+ and less effective Ca2+ could substitute for Na+ in carrying the inward current. In the presence of Na+, divalent cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+, and also La3+ exerted an inhibitory influence on the cAMP-induced inward current, and Ca2+ as measured with ion-selective microelectrodes did not contribute significantly to the current. Thus, the inward current was of a non-specific nature. Simultaneously to this cAMP action, the membrane permeability for K+ ions was decreased by cAMP. This effect became particularly obvious when K+ currents were activated by long-lasting, depolarizing voltage steps. In this situation a reduced K+ efflux following cAMP injection was observed by means of K+-selective microelectrodes located near the external membrane surface. Outward K+ currents were less reduced by cAMP if external Ca2+ was replaced by Ni2+. The nearly compensatory increase and decrease of two membrane conductances in the same neuron explained the lack of change in the cell input resistance despite the considerable depolarizing action of intracellularly elevated cAMP.