Expression of rabbit ventricular alpha-myosin heavy chain messenger RNA sequences in atrial muscle.

We have constructed and isolated a cardiac myosin heavy chain (HC) cDNA clone, pMHC alpha 81, with mRNA from ventricular heart muscle of hyperthyroid rabbits. The clone encodes approximately 480 amino acids of the COOH terminus of light meromyosin and all of the 3' nontranslated region of the corresponding mRNA. Nuclease S1 analyses indicated that the clone is transcribed in hyperthyroid, but not in hypothyroid ventricles and, therefore, corresponds to ventricular alpha-HC mRNA. With probes from the more divergent 3' non-translated region of pMHC alpha 81 and also from selected portions of two previously characterized rabbit cDNA clones ( pMHC alpha 252 and pMHC beta 174), we analyzed the myosin HC mRNAs of atrial, fast skeletal, and slow skeletal muscles by nuclease S1 mapping. In atrial muscle, only one major transcript was detected. The sequence of this transcript was indistinguishable from ventricular alpha-HC mRNA in the 3' nontranslated region and in two coding segments. In contrast, the sequence divergence between the ventricular alpha-HC mRNA and the mRNAs of ventricular beta, fast skeletal, and slow skeletal myosin HCs was clearly detected. There appeared to be, however, considerable homology between coding sequences of ventricular beta and slow skeletal myosin HC mRNAs. The results strongly suggest that rabbit atrial and ventricular alpha-HCs are encoded by the same gene.