Characterization of azidobenzamidines as photoaffinity labels for trypsin.

Meta- and para-azidobenzamidine have been prepared and evaluated as photoaffinity labels. The compounds inhibit trypsin reversible in the dark and are competitive with substrate binding. Upon photolysis, irreversible noncompetitive inhibition is observed and is dependent upon concentration, photolysis time, and pH. Specificity of the probes is indicated by experiments in which p-tosyl-l-arginine methyl ester, a trypsin substrate, is used to protect against photoinactivation. Maximum inactivation of trypsin is achieved at pH 6.2 using either azidobenzamidine derivative. Evaluation of the pH dependence of photoaffinity labeling may provide a sensitive tool for probing conformational changes in inhibitor binding sites. These studies provide a basis for the use of azidobenzamidines as photoaffinity analogs of lysine and arginine side chains.