A mutation in the rnh-locus of Escherichia coli affects the structural gene for RNase H. Examination of the mutant and wild type protein.

Ribonuclease H (RNase H, EC 3.1.26.4) was purified to homogeneity from Escherichia coli wild type strain KS 351 and the RNase H mutant strain FB 2. The specific activity of the wild type enzyme was 43,200 units/mg, while that of the mutant enzyme was 3,430 units/mg, less than 8% of the wild type activity. Isoelectric focusing also revealed differences in the protein from mutant and wild type. The activity of the wild type enzyme was separated into two peaks with isoelectric points of 9.6 and 9.0. In contrast, the activity of the mutant enzyme focused in a single peak with a pI of 9.4. These results indicate that the mutation in the FB2 strain affects the structural gene for RNase H. The molecular weight of both enzymes was determined by gel filtration as well as NaDodSO4-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and found to be identical. Both enzymes are very sensitive to increased temperatures and show indistinguishable rates of inactivation. The basis for the heterogeneity of the isoelectric point and the altered activity of the mutant enzyme is still unknown.