Phase II trial of extended indications for resection is small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Surgical resection offers distinct theoretical advantages as the "local" modality in treatment of Stage I and II small cell carcinoma of the lung. We have treated 10 such patients by initial resection since 1975; all survivors but one received adjuvant chemotherapy for the full course thereafter. One patient died of a pulmonary embolus; the other nine remain without evidence of disease from 7 to 69 months after resection. A trial was undertaken of extended indications for resection in selected patients with Stage III-M0 disease. Criteria for patient selection have been developed gradually; these exclude patients for reasons of refusal, physiological inadequacy, disease unsuited to gross total eradication, or lack of adequate initial response to chemotherapy. Of six patients who survived the exclusion criteria and underwent resection, one has had a relapse at 26 months. All others remain without evidence of disease, 5 to 25 months after the start of treatment. We believe that systematic patient selection on the basis of defined criteria will identify a subset of patients having markedly improved chances for disease control. This group may represent as many as half of the patients first presenting with localized or MO disease. Patients excluded as candidates for resection have continued to receive standard nonsurgical combined-modality therapy.