Control of multiple impulse-initiation sites in a leech interneuron.

1. Several heart interneurons (HN cells) of the leech nerve cord have impulse-initiation sites in every segmental ganglion through which their single axons pass. All these initiation sites are capable of producing rhythmic impulse bursts. However, under normal conditions a dominant primary initiation site in the ganglion where the cell body is located suppresses the activity of the other secondary sites. 2. Hyperpolarization of the primary initiation site by injected current permits immediate expression of rhythmic activity by a secondary site, usually the one located in the next posterior ganglion. 3. The free-running impulse burst rhythm of the primary site is stronger than that of the secondary site, having a greater burst duration and a tendency toward a higher burst frequency. 4. Bursts of primary-site impulses intercalated into the secondary-site impulse burst rhythm have a twofold effect. First, early to midway through the secondary-site's burst cycle, they phase delay its impulse burst rhythm. Second, early in the secondary-site's burst cycle, they tend to suppress ongoing impulse bursts, and late in the secondary-site's burst cycle, they tend to suppress the next expected impulse burst. The amount of burst suppression seen early and late in the secondary-site burst cycle depends on the burst duration and intraburst impulse frequency of the intercalated burst. 5. The ability of a train of primary-site impulse bursts to completely suppress secondary-site activity depends on burst duration, intraburst impulse frequency, and burst period. 6. Primary-site impulse trains with burst parameters close to those of naturally occurring primary-site bursts completely suppress secondary-site activity. 7. These results are consistent with the notion that the primary-site impulse burst rhythm of an HN cell suppresses the activity of its secondary site because, cycle by cycle, it delays and/or suppresses the next secondary-site burst so that no secondary-site bursts are produced. Dominance of the primary site over the secondary site is ensured by virtue of the primary-site's stronger impulse burst rhythm.