Subunit interactions inhibit the binding of beta nerve growth factor to receptors on embryonic chick sensory neurons.

The binding of the beta nerve growth factor subunit in the 7 S nerve growth factor complex to the two nerve growth factor receptors on chick embryo dorsal root ganglion cells was investigated. Under conditions where the 7 S nerve growth factor complex is maximally stable (in the presence of excess alpha and gamma subunits and of 20 to 30 microM zinc ion), no binding to either receptor was detectable. The time course of the decrease in the binding of beta nerve growth factor to the receptors upon addition of alpha and gamma subunits and zinc ion paralleled the formation of the 7 S complex. Addition of alpha and gamma subunits and zinc ion to the bisdes-arginine118-nerve growth factor, which does not re-form the 7 S complex, failed to inhibit the binding of the derivative to either receptor. While the alpha subunit alone had no effect on beta nerve growth factor binding, the gamma subunit decreased its binding in proportion to the amount of complex formed between these two subunits, suggesting that the beta . gamma complex, like the 7 S complex, does not bind to nerve growth factor receptors.