Hepatitis A and B: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera.

Sera of humans and seven species of nonhuman primates were tested by radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay for the presence of hepatitis A antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen. The outcome of testing a total of 276 serum or plasma specimens was as follows: with the exception of squirrel monkeys (0%) and cotton-top marmosets (0%), a considerable percentage of all other species tested had detectable antibodies to hepatitis A virus: humans 45.9%, chimpanzees 36.6%, baboons 38.2%, vervets 57.9%, cebus monkeys 40.0% and common marmosets 50.0%. Only one human and two chimpanzees were carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen. Antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen were detected in human (11.3%), chimpanzees (29.9%), baboons (36.2%) and squirrel monkeys (5%). Chimpanzees showed an increasing prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus and hepatitis B surface antigen with age.