The mechanism of action of ethanolamine ammonia-lyase, an adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzyme. Reaction of the enzyme.cofactor complex with 2-aminoacetaldehyde.

Ethanolamine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.7) catalyzes the adenosylcobalamin-dependent deamination of ethanolamine and 2-aminopropanol. Incubation of the enzyme.cofactor complex with 2-aminoacetaldehyde leads to rapid cleavage of the carbon--cobalt bond accompanied by the destruction of the corrinoid portion of the cofactor. During this reaction the adenosyl portion of the cofactor is oxidized to 4',5'-anhydroadenosine, and the aminoacetaldehyde is converted to acetic acid, which remains associated with the enzyme as a noncovalent complex which survives gel filtration. There is no evidence for the alkylation of the corrin metal by the substrate analog. The enzyme.AdoCbl complex is thus able to eliminate an amino group from a substrate analog without the formation of a new alkyl cobalamin in which the analog is a ligand. These observations do not support the participation of what might be termed "substratylcobalamin" as an intermediate in the ammonia migration occurring in reactions catalyzed by ethanolamine ammonia-lyase.