Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treatment of renal artery stenosis in children.

Angioplasty was carried out in four children with hypertension and renal artery stenosis, including one patient with neurofibromatosis and one patient with multiple arterial stenoses. Two patients did not respond. In the patient with neurofibromatosis the stenosis persisted unchanged despite multiple balloon inflations. In one patient hypertension persisted despite successful dilatation, and was probably related to longstanding contralateral kidney disease. Two patients had excellent blood pressure response to dilatation. One of these patients required redilatation of bilateral recurrent stenoses.