Failure of balloon dilatation in mid-cavity obstruction of the systemic venous atrium after the Mustard operation.

Mid-cavity obstruction of the systemic venous atrium developed after the Mustard operation in a child with transposition of the great arteries. Balloon dilatation (BD) was performed twice, to a maximum theoretical transverse diameter of 18 mm. Each time obstruction was initially relieved, but recurred within months. The usefulness of balloon dilatation therapy requires long-term follow-up. Results from currently reported experience do not suggest a major therapeutic role for this procedure in children.