Regional distribution of neuromedin K and neuromedin L in rat brain and spinal cord.

Neuromedin K and neuromedin L are novel mammalian tachykinins isolated from porcine spinal cord. We have developed a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay for neuromedin K. Since the radioimmunoassay for neuromedin K has significant crossreactivity with neuromedin L and substance P, we can simultaneously determine the tissue concentrations of neuromedin K, neuromedin L and substance P after separation of the tissue extracts by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Substance P is found to be the most abundant mammalian tachykinin in every brain region. The ratio of the concentration of substance P to neuromedin K is small in cerebral cortex and large in medulla-pons, while that of substance P to neuromedin L is rather constant in a range of 2.0-2.5. In spinal cord, dorsal half contains more neuromedin K and L than ventral half as is the case with substance P. These results indicate that both neuromedin K and L are endogenous mammalian tachykinins with specific physiological functions.