Serological evidences for a membrane structure related to human beta 2-microglobulin expressed by certain earthworm leukocytes.

Indirect immunofluorescence performed with 2 polyclonal and 4 monoclonal antibodies directed against human beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) revealed the presence of a beta 2m-like determinant on the membrane of a subpopulation of earthworm leukocytes classified as weakly adherent acidophils. Two out of the 4 monoclonal antibodies were found to bind to 15% of the earthworm leukocytes. Similar results were obtained with antibodies specific for beta 2m and isolated by affinity chromatography from either polyclonal antiserum or anti-beta 2m hybridoma supernatant. Additional binding inhibition and competition experiments strengthened the results and suggested that the homology between the structure present on earthworm leukocytes and human beta 2m may be restricted to only one major determinant. The existence of a beta 2m-like molecule in earthworms may provide important clues for understanding protein evolution and basic immune mechanisms.