Localization of small nuclear RNA by EM autoradiography in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells.

The ultrastructural localization of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) was studied by EM autoradiography in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Conditions were set where most (greater than 85%) of the nuclear [3H]uridine label consisted of snRNA, the most abundant species being U1, U2 and the nucleolar species U3. The label was found in highest density in the peripheral part of the nucleus, especially over areas of condensed chromatin. A quantitative analysis of grain distribution showed that the enrichment observed in the periphery was significant (P less than 0.001). Labelling was also observed over the nucleolus. Labelling conditions using inhibitors of RNA synthesis provided additional evidence that the precursor was incorporated into snRNA. Our results show that in interphasic CHO cells, the greatest abundance of snRNA is found, in situ, over areas enriched in condensed chromatin. Whereas the nature of this association remains to be elucidated, these findings suggest that some species of snRNA might be involved in the structure of chromatin; among the various species, U2 appears as the best candidate.